1. When considering the elements for reducing a sanction in connection with a wagering offense, one has to take into consideration the following elements: - the unchallenged misunderstanding of the rule by the athlete; - the IF’s failure to properly communicate the rules to the players and to ensure the players’ understanding of same; - the IF’s inconsistency; - the lack of intent of the athlete; - the athlete’s admission of the offense; - the athlete’s cooperation to establish the nature and scope of the violation; - the athlete’s first offense.