The Islamic Republic of Pakistan (“Pakistan” or the “Respondent”) objects to the jurisdiction of this Tribunal on a number of grounds. Its principal ground is that the parties to this arbitration had previously agreed in a contract between them (the “Pre–Shipment Inspection Agreement” or the “PSI Agreement”) to refer “[a]ny dispute, controversy or claim arising out of, or relating to” the Agreement, “or breach, termination or invalidity thereof,” to arbitration in accordance with the Arbitration Act of the Territory (of Pakistan) as presently in force.