1. In CAS arbitration, any party wishing to prevail on a disputed issue must discharge its “burden of proof”, i.e. it must meet the onus to substantiate its allegations and to affirmatively prove the facts on which it relies with respect to that issue. According to the Swiss Federal Tribunal, in the event direct evidence cannot be offered, a judge does not violate Article 8 of the Swiss Civil Code (CC) if he bases his decision on clues or on a high degree of likelihood. In addition, events whose existence must be presumed according to the normal course of things can be indicated as a basis of a judgment, even if these events are not confirmed by evidence, if the opposing party does not indicate or prove circumstances suitable to put their existence in doubt.