Originally from Arbitration in the MENA

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CONTENTS

[1] INTRODUCTION

[2] THE OIL & GAS BUSINESS

  [2.1] The Development of the Oil Industry in the MENA Region
  [2.2] Hydrocarbon Granting Instruments
    [2.2.1] Concession Agreements
    [2.2.2] Royalty/Tax Systems
    [2.2.3] Production Sharing Contracts
    [2.2.4] Risk Service Agreements

[3] ARBITRATIONS IN THE MENA REGION

  [3.1] Investor State Oil & Gas Arbitrations
    [3.1.1] Early Arbitrations in the 20th Century
    [3.1.2] Iran-U.S. Claims Tribunal 
    [3.1.3] ICSID Arbitrations
    [3.1.4] Recent Arbitrations in the 21st Century 
  [3.2] Commercial Oil & Gas Arbitrations

[4] OIL & GAS ARBITRATIONS BY COUNTRY

  [4.1] Iran
  [4.2] Saudi Arabia
  [4.3] Kuwait
  [4.4] Iraq
  [4.5] Qatar
  [4.6] UAE
  [4.7] Libya
  [4.8] Egypt
  [4.9] Algeria
  [4.10] Jordan
  [4.11] Morrocco
  [4.12] Oman
  [4.13] Tunisia
  [4.14] Yemen

[5] COMMERCIAL DISPUTES

  [5.1] Commercial Arbitrations in the 20th Century
  [5.2] Commercial Arbitrations in the 21st Century
    [5.2.1] Service Contracts
    [5.2.2] Infrastructure Contracts
    [5.2.3] Sales Contracts

[6] CORRELATION BETWEEN NUMBER OF ARBITRATIONS AND AMOUNT OF RESERVES

[7] CONCLUSION ON MENA O&G ARBITRATIONS
 

[1] INTRODUCTION

Oil & Gas (“O&G”) arbitration has a long and fascinating history in the MENA region.  It was the epicenter for some of the most important historical international arbitration cases. Many of today’s key principles in international arbitration and investment law were established as the result of a number of groundbreaking arbitration cases beginning in the 1950s between international oil companies (“IOCs”) and Middle Eastern governments. These cases arose in response to some of those governments’ attempts to increase their share of revenues from their oil and gas resources, or their outright nationalization of the IOCs’ investments. To this day, the O&G business continues to have an outsize presence both in the arbitration world and in the MENA region.