BOGGS, Chief Judge. This case concerns an arbitration award arising from an agreement between a Michigan corporation and a foreign corporation to distribute software overseas. Plaintiff appeals the district court’s decision to uphold an arbitration award entered in favor of the Defendant. To resolve Plaintiff’s appeal, however, we must first resolve two preliminary questions that present complicated and, within our court at least, novel questions of law. We must first determine the scope of the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards. Because we conclude that this arbitration award falls under the Convention, Plaintiff’s case was properly removed to the district court. Our second inquiry is whether the federal or state standard for vacating an arbitration award should apply when the parties’ agreement contains both an arbitration clause and a general choice-of-law provision requiring the application of a particular state’s law. After deciding that the federal standard applies, we analyze the arbitrators’ award under that deferential standard. We ultimately conclude that the arbitrators’ decision in favor of Defendant drew its essence from the agreement and did not manifestly disregard the law. In reaching all these conclusions, we agree with the district court and we therefore affirm.