1. We have voted in favour of the order to release the vessel Arctic Sunrise and all persons on board who were arrested in connection with the detention of the vessel. In our view it is mandatory that the order to release covers all persons regardless of their nationality. Considering the latest developments it may be called for to underline that release as referred to in the Order of the Tribunal means that the vessel as well as all persons shall have the right to leave the territory of the Russian Federation including its maritime zones. 

2. The objective of this opinion is, firstly, to emphasize and, possibly, to enrich the reasoning in the Order of the Tribunal concerning the non-appearance of the Russian Federation. It will, secondly, deal with the declaration of the Russian Federation made when ratifying the Convention on the Law of the Sea. Thirdly, the opinion will briefly deal with issues concerning the jurisdiction of the Tribunal under article 290, paragraph 5, of the Convention. In our view the jurisdiction of the Tribunal is broader than the Order suggests. Fourthly, the opinion will discuss the enforcement powers claimed by the Russian Federation in its exclusive economic zone from the point of view that provisional measures must take into account the rights and interests of both Parties to the dispute. This latter aspect has not been touched upon in the Order of the Tribunal due to the restrictive approach taken concerning the jurisdiction of the Tribunal under article 290, paragraph 5, of the Convention. Nor does the Order, for the same reasons, touch upon human rights issues although these were argued extensively by the Netherlands.