CAS arbitrators do not review the determinations made on the playing field by judges, referees, umpires, or other officials who are charged with applying what is sometimes called “rules of the game” (one exception among others would be if such rules have been applied in bad faith, e.g. as a consequence of corruption). If they happen to have been present at the relevant event, CAS arbitrators were mere spectators with no official role. Moreover, they are not, unlike on-field judges, selected for their expertise in officiating the particular sport.