1. Introduction This policy brief briefly reviews Ecuador’s experience with international investment treaties and arbitration. It begins by presenting Ecuador’s Audit Commission on the topic. It further explains the historical and geopolitical context of the decisions Ecuador has taken, beyond the traditional criticism on rules of arbitration or the role of arbitrators. Then it reflects on some of the cases Ecuador has faced in the last decade, in light of the current criticisms against investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS). Finally, it presents a case for the way forward with a series of national, regional and global alternatives currently pursued by the Ecuadorean government.